art bites plein air painting history 2711050

The article traces the history of plein air painting, beginning with French painter Pierre Henri de Valenciennes in the 1780s, who created one of the earliest known outdoor oil sketches on the banks of the river Rance in Brittany. It follows the evolution of the practice through British painter John Constable, the Barbizon school in France, and the revolutionary impact of John G. Rand's invention of the paint tube in 1841, which enabled artists like Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir to capture light and atmosphere with unprecedented accuracy.