A painting long attributed to Polish Realist painter Józef Pankiewicz and held by the National Museum in Poznań has been revealed as a forgery. The work, titled 'Vegetable Market at Żelaznej Bramy Square in Warsaw' and dated 1888, was awarded a silver medal at the 1889 Universal Exposition in Paris and acquired by the museum in 1948. In 2017, scholar Michał Haake noticed discrepancies between the museum's version and historical reproductions, prompting an investigation. Conservators removed overpainting and found that the canvas, pigments, and composition differed from the original, with Pankiewicz's signature added after completion. The forgery, now attributed to an unidentified early 20th-century artist, is back on display alongside a photo of the original in the exhibition 'Succumb to Illusion.' The original painting has been missing since 1890.
This case matters because it highlights the critical role of art historical research and scientific analysis in uncovering forgeries within major museum collections. The museum's transparent handling—displaying the forgery as a teaching tool alongside evidence—offers a valuable public lesson in authentication processes. It also underscores the ongoing mystery of the original masterpiece's fate, reminding the art world that even celebrated works can have complex, unresolved provenance stories.