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ancient egyptians correction fluid book of the dead

Researchers at the Fitzwilliam Museum have discovered that ancient Egyptian scribes used a primitive form of correction fluid to amend errors on papyrus scrolls. While preparing a 3,300-year-old copy of the Book of the Dead for the tomb of the scribe Ramose, conservators noticed white lines of huntite and calcite mixed with yellow orpiment used to slim down a painted jackal. This 'ancient Wite-Out' was specifically blended to match the cream-colored tone of fresh papyrus, concealing revisions made during the artistic process.

king tut tomb clay troughs awakening osiris

A new study by Nicholas Brown, a postdoctoral fellow at Yale University, challenges the long-held interpretation of four clay troughs found in Tutankhamun's tomb. Discovered by Howard Carter in 1922, the troughs were previously dismissed as stands for gilded wooden staffs. Brown argues that the troughs' small bases could not have supported the staffs, and instead proposes they were used in the "Awakening of Osiris" ritual, holding libations of water for purification and rejuvenation in the afterlife. The study draws on material symbolism, including the Nile mud composition and the reed mats they rested on, to support this reinterpretation.